The city and Peninsula of Methana are first mentioned by historians such as Thoukidides (5th century BC) and Diodoros the Sicilian ( 1st century BC); by georgaphers such as Stravonas ( 1st century BC) and Claudios Ptolemeos ( 2nd century AD); by the Latin poet Ovidios ( 1st century BC) as well as by the great traveller of the Ancient times Pavsanias ( 2nd century BC). It is later mentioned by Ieroklis (6th century AD) as well as in a manuscript of the 9th century AD.

The Peninsula of Methana is considered to have first been populated during the Neolithic Years, based on very important acheological findings in Paleocastro (Vathi) and on the summit of the Mount Helona. In Paleocastro we find the Acropolis of Methana and, as the ceramic findings testify, this position has been continuously populated since the Stone Age (5,000 BC) and throughout the following periods this position remains the most densly populated in the area. In the following period, the Protohellinic Period (2,800 - 1,900 BC) there is a steep rise in the population of the area. Protohellinic settlements have been located in the Isthmus and in Nisaki of Methana. In the Hysterohellinic, Mycenean era the residents of the area were lons. They built their settlements in Megalohorion, on the plateau of Throni and on Helona.  At the beginning of historical times, Methana as well as Kalavria, accepted the Dorian settlers peacefully. We have much more information about the next period - the classical period. What we know about Methana is that the settlement of Megalohorion is fortified, while new settlements are built in Nisaki, Throni, Oga, Magoula, Kaimeni Gi and Helona. From the information the historians have they believe that the population of the area must have been approximately 9,000 people. The regime must have been oligargichal. In the Hellinistic years, Methana and Kalavria were independent. According to archeological findings the political map of the area has no differences from that of the previous era. The settlement of Foukaria seems to be new. In Kalavria there are no differences, while on the peninsula of Methana residents begin to use the spa of Vromolimni (Agios Haralambos) and Kato Mouska. In the 4th and 3rd century BC Methana must have had some degree of independence as they made their own coins on which the head of Hifestos (the god of fire and volcanoes) was carved. In the 3rd century BC in the Hellinistic period, during the regime of the Antigonos Gonatas the Macedonian (283 - 239 BC), the volcano of Methana errupted. During the same period, the peninsula was taken over by the dynesty of the Ptolemians for about one century and was named Arsinoi in honour of the wife of Ptolemeos the 4th.